According to the teachings attributed to Don Juan Matus in Carlos Castaneda’s books, a “man of knowledge” (or a person striving for wisdom and power) has four natural enemies that must be overcome:
- Fear: This is the first and most crucial enemy. When a person starts on the path of learning, they encounter the unknown, which inevitably brings fear. If one gives in to fear and runs away, they will never learn. To overcome fear, one must face it without giving in, taking small steps in learning despite being afraid. Eventually, by confronting fear, it recedes, and the person gains a sense of self-assurance.
- Clarity: Once fear is conquered, the next enemy is clarity. This refers to a state of mind where everything seems clear and understandable. While clarity dispels fear, it can also become a trap. The person may feel so certain and self-assured that they stop questioning and learning. To overcome clarity, one must realize that even the clearest understanding is limited and continue to doubt and explore.
- Power: As one progresses, they may accumulate power. This power can be intoxicating and lead to arrogance and a disregard for the path. The person might become cruel or capricious, losing control of themselves and their power. To overcome power, one must understand that the power they possess is not truly theirs and must be handled with humility, care, and a constant awareness of its potential to corrupt.
- Old Age: This is the final and the cruelest enemy, as it cannot be fully defeated, only fought off. With old age comes a natural desire to rest and give up. If a person succumbs to this desire and abandons their path, all the knowledge and power they have gained can be lost. To overcome old age, one must resist the urge to retreat and continue living their fate to the very end, even if only for brief moments of clarity, power, and knowledge.
According to Don Juan’s teachings, only by confronting and overcoming these four natural enemies can a person truly become a “man of knowledge,” even if that state is achieved only for fleeting moments.
